What is interfacial condensation?
Interfacial polycondensation is a rapid, irreversible polymerization at the interface between water containing one difunctional intermediate and an inert immiscible organic solvent containing a complementary difunctional reactant.
What is meant by interfacial polymerization?
Interfacial polymerization is a type of step-growth polymerization in which polymerization occurs at the interface between two immiscible phases (generally two liquids), resulting in a polymer that is constrained to the interface.
What are the disadvantages of polycarbonate?
The main disadvantage of polycarbonate is that it isn’t resistant to scratches. For example, if a branch should happen to fall on a patio canopy made of polycarbonate, it may be scratched. This problem can be solved by polishing the polycarbonate.
Is polycarbonate cross linked?
This crosslinking is makes the material very strong, so it won’t break nearly as easily as glass will. This is really important for kids’ glasses! If only this stuff had been invented when I was a kid! There is a fundamental difference in the two types of polycarbonate described here that I should point out.
What is interfacial polycondensation reaction?
Interfacial polycondensation (IP) is a step growth polymerization of two or more monomers at the interface between two immiscible phases. This type of polymerization occurs when the monomers with different functionality are located in different phases. Often, the reaction occurs at a liquid-liquid interface.
Is stoichiometric balance important for the success of interfacial polymerization?
Interfacial polymerization kinetic is a complicated process and there is still research conducted in this area in attempt to model the reaction kinetics, MW dependence on reaction conditions. * The stoichiometric balance at the reaction zone is important for high MW polyamide formation.
How long does polycarbonate roofing last?
10 to 20 years
Longevity. Both types of polycarbonate roofing last anywhere from 10 to 20 years. Some manufacturers however do warranty their products for the lifetime use of the home.
What is the lifespan of a polycarbonate roof?
between 10 to 15 years
Polycarbonate Roofs The average lifespan is between 10 to 15 years. One of the major issues with a polycarbonate roof is the lack of proper thermal insulation. Conservatories with this type of roof often get far too cold in the winter, and too hot in the summer.
Why does polycarbonate have high impact?
The high impact strength of glassy polycarbonate has been suggested to be related to an excess free volume, a large low temperature beta transition, or a unique morphology.
How much is the transmittance of polycarbonate?
Polycarbonate is capable of transmitting light within the 80 to 90 percent range, which is sufficient for greenhouses. Compared to glass, the lighter weight of polycarbonate allows more total light to enter the greenhouse.
What are some advantages of using interfacial polymerization in comparison to bulk polymerization?
Interfacial polymerization possesses several advantages over classical step-growth polymerization including high reaction rates at mild reaction conditions and high final molecular weights. Films fabricated by this method under controlled conditions are inherently uniform and free of defects.
What is melt polycondensation?
Melt polycondensation is an important synthetic methodology that is largely used for the manufacture of thermoplastic engineering polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, and polycarbonates.
What is interfacial polycondensation?
Interfacial polycondensation is widely used for the synthesis of a great variety of polyesters and poly (thioester)s: polycarbonates 76,79,80 and poly (thiocarbonate)s (equations 7 and 8 ), 81 polyarylates (polyesters based on bisphenols) (equation 9) 3,62,79,82,83 and others.
What are the reactants in interfacial polymerisation?
In interfacial polymerisation, the two reactants in a polycondensation meet at an interface and react rapidly. The basis of this method is the classical Schotten-Baumann reaction between an acid chloride and a compound containing an active hydrogen atom, such as an amine or alcohol, polyesters, polyurea or polyurethane.
What is the most widely used polycondensation technology?
The interfacial polycondensation (or phosgene route) has been the most widely used. However, nowadays this technology is being shifted by the melt processes because it is more environmentally friendly. This technology is based on the transesterification of diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and bisphenol-A (BPA).