What causes fenestration?
A naturally occurring fenestration leaves the exposed root surface in direct contact with either the alveolar mucosa or the gingiva. The condition may be caused by a variety of factors including tooth movement due to orthodontics, pathology (both endodontic and periodontal), root apex contours, and occlusal issues.
What is a fenestration in the mouth?
Fenestration is an isolated area in which the tooth root is denuded of bone and the root surface is covered only by periosteum and overlying gingiva. Mucosal fenestration is a clinical entity in which the overlying gingiva or mucosa is also denuded thus the root is exposed to the oral cavity.
What causes fenestration and dehiscence?
The causes for Fenestration and Dehiscence is not known and the etiology is usually mentioned as unknown. Both Fenestration and Dehiscence cannot be identified clinically or radiographically and are only seen during surgery or by probing in case of dehiscence.
What does fenestration mean in medical terms?
Medical Definition of fenestration 1a : a natural or surgically created opening in a surface. b : the presence of such openings. 2 : a surgical procedure that involves cutting an opening in the bony labyrinth between the inner ear and tympanum to replace natural fenestrae that are not functional (as in otosclerosis)
What is the alveolar process?
The alveolar process is the horizontal portion of the maxilla that holds the tooth roots. b. Alveoli for the tooth roots are present all along the alveolar process, except where these have been resorbed following the loss of teeth.
Where is the gingiva?
oral cavity
The gingiva (gums) are found in the oral cavity of humans surrounding part of their teeth. They are comprised of mucosal tissue which covers the alveolar processes of the mandible and maxilla and finish at each tooth’s neck.
What is alveolar crest?
The alveolar crest is the most cervical rim found in the alveolar bone proper. When it is healthy, the alveolar crest is slightly apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) by about 1.5-2 mm. The alveolar crests of the adjacent teeth are also uniform in height along the jaw when they are healthy.
What is alveolar bone?
Alveolar bone is that part of the maxilla and mandible which supports the teeth by forming the “other” attachment for fibres of the periodontal ligament (Fig. 1.148). It consists of two plates of cortical bone separated by spongy bone (Fig.
What does fenestration area mean?
Originating from the Latin word fenestra, meaning window, fenestration refers to the openings in a building’s facade. In simple terms, fenestration can be explained as the arrangement of windows, doors and openings in a building.
What is fenestration kidney?
Fenestrations are round or ovoid transcellular holes through the most attenuated part of the EnC cytoplasm. They are found in the endothelium of organs where a higher rate of exchange between intra- and extravascular compartments is required.
What is maxillary alveolus?
On the maxilla, the alveolar process is a ridge on the inferior surface, making up the thickest part of the bone. On the mandible it is a ridge on the superior surface. The structures hold the teeth and are encased by gums as part of the oral cavity.
What is mucosal fenestration in dentistry?
Mucosal fenestration is a clinical entity in which the overlying gingiva or mucosa is also denuded thus the root is exposed to the oral cavity.
How is bimaxillary protrusion treated in orthodontics?
Orthodontics treatment to correct bimaxillary protrusion usually involves extraction of four first premolars and the utilization of maximal anchorage to retract the anterior segments of both arches. Retracting the maxillary anterior segment may result in extrusion of the incisors and exacerbation of the gummy smile.
How is bimaxillary protrusion treated in the Asian population?
Conclusion Bimaxillary protrusion is common in the Asian population. Conventional orthodontics treatment involves extraction of all four first premolars, followed by retraction of the anterior segments to reduce dental and soft tissue protrusion. Torque control of the incisors is an important issue.
What happens if you retract the maxillary anterior segment?
Retracting the maxillary anterior segment may result in extrusion of the incisors and exacerbation of the gummy smile. To provide vertical control of the anterior segment, bone screws are used between the roots of the maxillary central and lateral incisors (Fig. 13).