What is perfluorooctane sulfonate used for?
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are fluorinated hydrocarbons used as water-, oil-, and stain-resistant coatings in fabrics, leather, and carpets, and oil-resistant coatings for paper products for food contact, and also as photographic emulsifier, aviation hydraulic fluids, and fire- …
Where does perfluorooctane sulfonate come from?
PFOs and PFOA end up in the environment when they are produced or as a consequence of being used by consumers or industries. Most commonly, these compounds can be found in the environment because they are released by industrial facilities or used in agriculture.
What are the sources of PFOS?
People are exposed to PFOS and PFOA through food, food packaging, consumer products, house dust, and drinking water. Exposure through drinking water has become an increasing concern due to the tendency of PFASs to accumulate in groundwater.
What is the pH of PFOS?
2.4. Isomeric PFOS distribution between the aqueous phase and hydrargillite
| pH | Additions | logKd 5-/4-/3-PFOS |
|---|---|---|
| 5.5–6.5 | None | 0.82 |
| 20 mg/L FA | 0.87 | |
| 20 mg/L HA | 1.28 | |
| 100 mg/L Na2SO4 | 1.33 |
Why did 3M stop making PFOA?
In response to this evolving knowledge and the understanding that these compounds had the potential to build up over time, 3M announced in 2000 that we would voluntarily phase out production of PFOA and PFOS globally as a precautionary measure.
Are PFOA and PFOS the same thing?
PFOA and PFOS are organofluorine compounds. PFOA stands for perfluorooctanoic acid while PFOS stands for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. The key difference between PFOA and PFOS is that PFOA has a carboxylic functional group, whereas PFOS has a sulfonic functional group.
What is PFOS in the water?
PFOS is one of a large group of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that are used to make products more resistant to stains, grease, and water. These compounds have been widely found in consumer and industrial products, as well as in food items.
Can boiling water remove PFOA?
No; PFOA and PFOS cannot be removed by heating or boiling water.
What is perfluorooctanesulfonic acid?
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (conjugate base perfluorooctanesulfonate) (PFOS) is an anthropogenic fluorosurfactant and global pollutant.
What are PFOA and perfluorooctane?
By 2014, EPA had listed PFOA and perfluorooctanesulfonates ( salts of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, PFOS) as emergent contaminants : PFOA and PFOS are extremely persistent in the environment and resistant to typical environmental degradation processes.
What is C8 (perfluorooctanoic acid)?
?) Perfluorooctanoic acid ( PFOA) ( conjugate base perfluorooctanoate )—also known as C8—is a perfluorinated carboxylic acid produced and used worldwide as an industrial surfactant in chemical processes and as a material feedstock, and is a health concern and subject to regulatory action and voluntary industrial phase-outs.
What is PFOS in Scotchgard?
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (conjugate base perfluorooctanesulfonate) is an anthropogenic (human-made) fluorosurfactant, now regarded as a global pollutant. PFOS was the key ingredient in Scotchgard, a fabric protector made by 3M, and numerous stain repellents.