Where are aryl hydrocarbon receptors?
The AhR protein contains several domains critical for function and is classified as a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH/PAS) family of transcription factors. The bHLH motif is located in the N-terminal of the protein and is a common entity in a variety of transcription factors.
What is the function of aryl hydrocarbon receptor?
Abstract. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor present in many cells. The AhR links environmental chemical stimuli with adaptive responses, such as detoxification, cellular homoeostasis or immune responses.
What is intestinal Stemness?
Stemness-linked intestinal tumorigenicity is directly correlated to absence of microbial virulence factor expression and is specific for intestinal cells. The enriched CSC fraction remains stable in the absence of the instigating bacteria and can foster stemness traits in unexposed cells through secreted factors.
What is aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase?
Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) is a multicomponent, microsomal-bound enzyme system which converts a variety of lipid-soluble compounds to water-soluble forms for subsequent elimination from the body.
Where does apoptosis occur in the small intestine?
Apoptosis has been shown to occur in the rat small intestinal mucosa, predominantly at the villus tip, forming a prominent ‘apoptotic cuff’ of cells, while all cells in the crypt expressed Bcl-2 activity.
Is AhR legitimate?
Yes, it’s a total scam and spam.
What is MMC in gastrointestinal system?
The migrating motor complex (MMC) is a cyclic, recurring motility pattern that occurs in the stomach and small bowel during fasting; it is interrupted by feeding. The MMC is present in the gastrointestinal tract of many species, including humans.
What stimulates MMC?
Although the MMC is known to be stimulated by motilin, recent studies have shown that ghrelin, which is from the same peptide family as motilin, is also involved in the regulation of the MMC.