What are the examples of frame structures?
TYPES OF STRUCTURES 2) Frame structures – Made up of parts, called members, which are joined together (parts or pieces of a frame structure). Examples are pylons, a crane, the human skeleton, a chair or window frames.
What is Portal method?
The portal method is one of the common approximate methods in the analysis of statically indeterminate structures. This method is used to analyze the frames which subjected to lateral loadings such as wind, earthquake, and blast loadings.
What are the 3 types of trusses?
Common types of roof truss
- King Post truss. A king post truss is typically used for short spans.
- Queen Post truss. A queen post truss is typically a vertical upright with two triangles either side.
- Fink truss.
- Double Pitch Profile truss.
- Mono Pitch Truss.
- Scissor Truss (also known as Vaulted Truss)
- Raised Tie Truss.
What is substitute frame method?
Substitute frame method assumes that the moments in the beams of any floor are influenced by loading on that floor alone. The influence of loading on the lower or upper floors is ignored altogether. The process involves the division of multi-storied structure into smaller frames.
How many assumptions do we have to make to solve an indeterminate truss?
three assumptions
What are the force method?
The force method (also called the flexibility method or method of consistent deformation ) is used to calculate reactions and internal forces in statically indeterminate structures due to loads and imposed deformations. The system thus formed is called the basic determinate structure .
What is meant by frame analysis?
Frame analysis (also called framing analysis) is a multi-disciplinary social science research method used to analyze how people understand situations and activities. Framing influences how people interpret or process information.
Which method is considered as compatibility method?
It is called the flexibility method because flexibilities appear in the equations of compatibility. Another name for the method is the force method because forces are the unknown quantities in equations of compatibility.
What is the other name of flexibility method?
In structural engineering, the flexibility method, also called the method of consistent deformations, is the traditional method for computing member forces and displacements in structural systems.
What trusses lie on a plane?
Explanation: The planar trusses lie on a plane. Like for e.g. the trusses in the bridges. These trusses are the main supports of the bridge. They are extended straight vertical and are strong enough to resist various changes in the weather.
Why do we need zero-force members in trusses?
Please note that zero-force members are used to increase stability and rigidity of the truss, and to provide support for various different loading conditions.
How do you analyze frame structure?
The general steps for analysing a determinate frame are: Use equilibrium to find all reaction forces. Split the frame into separate members. Any point load or moment which acts directly on a joint between two or more members must be placed on only ONE of the members when they are split up.
What are the assumptions of portal method?
The portal method is based on the assumption that, for each storey of the frame, the interior columns will take twice as much shear force as the exterior columns. The rationale for this assumption is illustrated in Figure 7.3.
What is approximate method of analysis?
Approximate analysis is conducted by making realistic assumptions about the behavior of the structure. Approximate Analysis of Indeterminate Trusses During preliminary design and analysis, the actual member dimensions are not usually known. Note the areas of cross-sections of the columns are different.
At what distance base is point of inflection?
At what distance base is point of inflection assumed in column of a portal frame which is supported by partially fixed supports (length of column is L)? Explanation: Since, it will lie somewhere between end point and L/2, generally it is assumed to lie at a distance of L/3 from base.
What is portal frame method?
Portal frames can be defined as two-dimensional rigid frames that have the basic characteristics of a rigid joint between column and beam. The main objective of this form of design is to reduce bending moment in the beam, which allows the frame to act as one structural unit.
What is zero force member in truss?
In the field of engineering mechanics, a zero force member is a member (a single truss segment) in a truss which, given a specific load, is at rest: neither in tension, nor in compression. If three members meet in an unloaded joint of which two are collinear, then the third member is a zero-force member.
What is member force?
A two force member is a body that has forces (and only forces, no moments) acting on it in only two locations. In order to have a two force member in static equilibrium, the net force at each location must be equal, opposite, and collinear.
What is Kani’s method?
Kani’s method was introduced by Gasper Kani in 1940’s. It involves distributing the unknown fixed end moments of structural members to adjacent joints, in order to satisfy the conditions of continuity of slopes and displacements. Kani’s method is also known as Rotation contribution method.
Which trusses lie on a 3D volume?
Explanation: The planar trusses lie on a plane while the space truss in 3D volume. Like for e.g. the trusses in the bridges. These trusses are the main supports of the bridge.
Why are strain compatibility equations required?
This compatibility condition is an equation which must be satisfied by the strains at all material particles. When all material particles in a component deform, translate and rotate, they need to meet up again very much like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle must fit together.
Which type of support develops support moment?
3. ________ support develops support moment. Explanation: A fixed support offers resistance against horizontal and vertical movement and against the rotation of the member and that in turn developers support moment. Explanation: Hinge support is one, in which the position is fixed but not the direction.
How many compatibility equations should be written?
How many compatibility equations should be written if we have n no. of redundant reactions? Explanation: No. of redundant reactions and compatibility equations are equal.
What is approximate method?
In this chapter, approximate methods mean analytical procedures for developing solutions in the form of functions that are close, in some sense, to the exact, but usually unknown, solution of the nonlinear problem. Realistic error bounds or estimates exist for some approximate processes.